The Jewish Historical Museum collects objects and works of art associated with the religion, culture and history of the Jews in the Netherlands and its former colonies. These items are held by the museum and the Resource Centre.The museum has over 11,000 works of art, ceremonial items and historical objects. Only five percent of these are on permanent display. The rest are stored in the depot and occasionally shown in exhibitions, or lent to other museums. The objects in this hidden collection can be viewed via the website. View and search the Museum collection.

Apart from documentary information, which forms the majority of its holdings, the Resource Centre also has many historical documents and photos. This collection covers a wide range of subjects associated with Jewish history and culture in general, comprising over 43,000 books, brochures, documents, photos, audio and video material. Some sections of the Resource Centre (literature and audiovisual material) can be accessed via this website: Resource Centre collection. The museum also publishes research into its collection, as in the catalogues on religious textiles and ceremonial objects, and the Charlotte Salomon gouaches.